50 Economics High School 2025 Questions and Answers
12th grade high school economics questions and answer keys
The Economic Academic Ability Test (TKA) is an important part in the academic assessment of students at the SMA, MA, SMK, MAK, and equivalent levels in 2025. TKA is designed to measure understanding of basic concepts and students’ analytical skills on various economic phenomena. Although the results do not determine graduation, foreign workers have an important role as a requirement to continue their education to the next level through the achievement path.
The material for Economics TKA covers several main scopes such as the basic concepts of economics, micro and macro economics, international economics, and basic financial accounting. Thus, the questions given aim to test the theory’s understanding, critical thinking skills, and the application of concepts in real situations.
Here are some examples of 12th grade high school economics migrant workers 2025 along with the answer key:
Problem 1
In small cities experiencing rapid economic development due to the increasing economic activity in the manufacturing industry. This phenomenon has an impact on several aspects of industrial life, including:
– Increasing the number of workers absorbed in the industrial sector.
– The development of the trade sector due to increased purchasing power.
– The occurrence of congestion and the increase in pollution due to the increase in industrial transportation.
– Increased land prices and living costs due to high demand for housing.
Based on these conditions, what is the relationship between economic activity and the positive impact on industrial life?
Answer: A, C
Problem 2
This year the government began to build a lot of infrastructure. One of them is the construction of 13 new reservoirs. The reservoir is spread throughout Indonesia. Now of the 7.2 million hectares (ha) of agricultural irrigation in Indonesia, only about 11 percent use the reservoir water reservoir. The rest still use rainwater, so it is always threatened with drought when the dry season arrives. If the 13 new reservoirs are realized, the reservoir irrigated land can be doubled to 1.45 million ha.
Based on the illustration, which is the development policy of the Indonesian government in terms of ….
Answer: E
Problem 3
There are many problems in banking, both internal and external. One of the external problems is bad credit. If it is not addressed immediately, it is feared that banking losses will be even greater.
The most appropriate way to do so that the problem does not happen again is….
Answer: E
Problem 4
PT Mentari is engaged in a producer of snacks made from native Indonesian fruits, such as jackfruit chips and salak chips. In order to improve product quality and work efficiency, the company began to implement modern production management systems, such as the use of modern machines, strict product quality control, and more hygienic raw materials management. In addition, the company also builds an information system related to the production schedule so that consumer orders can be completed on time.
Based on the illustration, which one is in accordance with the production management system?
Answer: a, d, e
Problem 5
Indonesia is a country with abundant natural resources, such as coal, oil palm, rubber, and fishery products. To increase economic growth, the government is actively establishing trade cooperation with ASEAN countries, Japan, and the European Union.
Despite facing challenges such as exchange rate fluctuations, import barriers, and the low competitiveness of local products, international cooperation still provides benefits in the form of increasing foreign exchange, technology transfer, and opening new jobs.
Determine true or false on the statement of international trade barriers!
Answer:
– A. Right
– B. Right
– C. Wrong
Problem 6
Transactions that occurred at Pak Anton’s “Langit Biru” service company in March 2025. Transactions Effect on the Basic Accounting Equation (Asset = Liabilities + Equity).
Determine true or false for each transaction based on the following accounting equation.
Answer:
– A. Right
– B. Wrong
– C. Right
Problem 7
The developed city is facing serious problems related to the scarcity of clean water due to the long dry season for 5 consecutive months. Data from the Environmental Service shows:
– The availability of clean water decreased by 25 percent compared to the previous year.
– Water consumption per capita actually increased by 10 percent due to population growth and economic activity.
– Most households still use conventional water extraction methods.
– The current water supply infrastructure has not been able to meet the needs of the community optimally.
The city government is considering several solution options for the short and medium term:
– Limiting water use and raising water tariffs to encourage people to save on usage.
– Educate the public about the importance of conservation and use of water-saving technology.
– Building a new clean water treatment facility but requires a large amount of time and cost.
Based on this information, which solution should be implemented and evaluated by the government to overcome the scarcity of clean water in developed cities?
Answer: A, B, D
Problem 8
Unemployment is one of the crucial problems that occur in Indonesia. Some of the areas with the highest unemployment rate based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in August 2024 include West Java Province (6.75%), Banten (6.68%), Papua (6.48%), Southwest Papua (6.48%), and Riau Islands (6.39%). Unemployment occurs due to various factors including the gap between the skills of job seekers and market needs, limited employment and macroeconomic factors.
Which solution can be applied to solve the problem?
Answer:
– A. Wrong
– B. Right
– C. Right
Problem 9
At the end of 2024, inflation in Indonesia began to show a significant upward trend. To respond to this, Bank Indonesia decided to raise the benchmark interest rate (BI Rate). This policy was taken so that people reduce consumption and restrain the rate of inflation.
Based on the illustration above, Bank Indonesia is carrying out its function as ….
Answer: D
Problem 10
During the first three months of 2024, Indonesia’s exports fell 15% as world demand for key commodities such as coal and palm oil declined. Meanwhile, imports of consumer goods rose 10%. As a result, Indonesia’s trade balance experienced a deficit of USD 1.2 billion. The government plans to take strategic steps to increase exports and control imports.
Based on information, what policies can the government implement to improve the trade balance?
Answer: B
Problem 11
The following is the financial data of PT Sejahtera Makmur as of December 31, 2023:
– Operating Income: IDR 120,000,000.00
– Employee salary expense: IDR 25,000,000.00
– Electricity and water load: IDR 5,000,000.00
– Equipment depreciation expense: Rp. 10,000,000.00
– Building rental expense: IDR 15,000,000.00
– Current assets: IDR 80,000,000.00
– Fixed assets: IDR 150,000,000.00
– Short-term debt: IDR 30,000,000.00
– Long-term debt: IDR 50,000,000.00
– Owner’s initial capital: IDR 100,000,000.00
Based on these data, how much net profit did the company earn?
Answer: C
Problem 12
Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in a region was recorded at 112 in 2022 and increased to 118 by 2023. On the other hand, the CPI in 2024 rose again to 125.
Based on these data, which of the following statements is the most appropriate regarding the development of the inflation rate from year to year?
Answer: C
Problem 13
In the second quarter of 2024, the national inflation rate jumped to 7.5% year-on-year, far exceeding the 3% inflation target. The increase in inflation is caused by a combination of:
– Impaired distribution of domestic food due to extreme weather and logistical conflict.
– The depreciation of the rupiah against the US dollar by 12? in the last three months.
– A spike in global energy prices due to geopolitical tensions.
– Expectations of rising inflation among business actors and consumers, which is reflected in the increase in wages and prices broadly.
On the other hand, national economic growth at the same time slowed to a level of 4.2% (below the target of 5.5%), and the open unemployment rate rose to 6.8%.
Based on the illustration, which monetary policy is appropriate to solve the problem? More than one correct answer.
Answer: a, c, and d
Problem 14
PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) is a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) in the plantation sector, expanding its business by opening new land and building palm oil processing factories in several underdeveloped areas. This step creates new jobs for the surrounding community, increases the income of local farmers through partnerships, and increases exports of plantation products to foreign countries.
Based on the illustration, what is the impact of the role of the PTPN business entity on the Indonesian economy? More than one correct answer.
Answer: a, c, and d
Problem 15
The trading company “Toko Berkah” owned by Mr. Rahmat made several transactions during the first week of February 2025. Which transactions affect the components of equity in the basic accounting equation?
Answer: a, c, and d
Problem 16
National income is calculated by adding…
Answer: B
Problem 17
Fiscal policy in the form of tax reduction aims to…
Answer: B
Problem 18
Exports of goods abroad are greater than imports called…
Answer: B
Problem 19
SMEs play an important role because…
Answer: B
Problem 20
Innovation and creativity in entrepreneurship serves to…
Answer: B
Problem 21
If the amount of demand increases due to an increase in income, the type of elasticity that occurs is…
Answer: B
Problem 22
Producer’s theory of behavior explains that…
Answer: B
Problem 23
The main problem of the economy “for whom the goods are produced” relates to…
Answer: B
Problem 24
If the price of an item rises by 10?n the quantity of demand decreases by 20%, the elasticity of demand price is…
Answer: C
Problem 25
A market where the number of sellers are large, homogeneous goods, and free entry in and out is called…
Answer: C
Problem 26
The role of Bank Indonesia in the Indonesian economy is…
Answer: B
Problem 27
The management function that includes planning, organizing, directing, and controlling is called…
Answer: B
Problem 28
High inflation has an impact on…
Answer: B
Problem 29
One of the indicators of sustainable development (SDGs) in the economy is…
Answer: B
Problem 30
The principle of scarcity in economics explains that…
Answer: B
Problem 31
Factors of production in the form of land, forests, and natural resources are called…
Answer: C
Problem 32
Cooperatives were established on the principle of…
Answer: B
Question 33
The law of demand states that…
Answer: B
Problem 34
The main function of money is as…
Answer: B
Problem 35
Economic globalization can affect…
Answer: B
Problem 36
The funds allocated for regions to reduce inequality, taking into account the integrity and potential of the region are ….
Answer: B
Problem 37
The role of the APBN in economic development functions synergistically plays a major role in improving and strengthening economic fundamentals. The following are things that can strengthen the fundamentals of the economy, except ….
Answer: C
Question 38
Foreign exchange earnings as a result of foreign tourists’ income to Indonesia will be recorded in Indonesia’s balance of payments on the balance sheet ….
Answer: E
Problem 39
Developed countries import many raw materials from developing countries such as Indonesia. Based on the illustration above, the factors that cause international trade are ….
Answer: D
Problem 40
International trade is cross-world trade, so every country cannot be separated from international trade. The main factor that causes international trade is…
Answer: B
Problem 41
Ana bought a Seventeen album from Korea, she had to pay more than the actual price due to being taxed. Based on the illustration, the tax imposed on Ana is…
Answer: A
Problem 42
It is known that the Gross Domestic Income (GDP) of Country X in 2022 is Rp. 230 trillion. Meanwhile, Negara X’s GDP in 2023 was IDR 250 trillion. Based on these data, the economic growth of country A in 2015 was ….
Answer: D
Problem 43
There are several types of international economic cooperation that are developing in the world, including bilateral cooperation with multilateral cooperation. The difference between bilateral cooperation and multilateral cooperation is ….
Answer: E
Problem 44
Taxes are used by the government to maintain the country’s economic stability. One example of the method is the imposition of fees or tariffs for imported goods. The impact of the imposition of this tax function is….
Answer: A
Problem 45
Taxes are collected or obtained from the people, used to finance state expenditures, for example paying the salaries of state civil servants (ASN). Based on the illustration, the tax function in question is….
Answer: D
Problem 46
The three main problems of economic development in developing countries, related to ….
Answer: B
Problem 47
One of the government’s policies to protect domestic production is to use tax instruments. If the import duty on goods is increased, the impact of the policy is ….
Answer: A
Problem 48
From the results of tax revenues, the government uses it to finance various programs such as free medical treatment, Raskin, social security networks, and so on. In this case the state budget works….
Answer: D
Problem 49
Jeonghan is a foreign worker who works in Indonesia, therefore, he must pay taxes on the receipts he receives according to the rules that apply in Indonesia. The tax imposed on Jeonghan is….
Answer: B
Question 50
Country X decides to buy vehicle products from country Z because if country X produces its own, it will require a much greater cost. Likewise with Country Z, prefers to import electronic equipment from country X for production efficiency. Based on the illustration, the two countries are applying one of the theories of international trade. The theory in question is…
Answer: B
That’s the question of TKA Economics for Class 12 SMA 2025 and the answer key. Through the implementation of the 2025 Economics TKA, it is hoped that students will be able to understand the dynamics of the economy comprehensively and apply the concepts learned in real life. This assessment is not only a tool for academic evaluation, but also a means to foster the ability to think logically, analytically, and critically to various economic problems that develop in society. That way, students can be better prepared to face the challenges of the world of education and the world of work in the future.
